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11 Jun 2014 To pass the value by reference, argument reference is passed to the functions just like any other value. So accordingly you need to declare the function parameters as reference types as in the following function swap(), which exchanges the values of the two integer variables pointed to by its arguments. So, in this tutorial, value is a value of a variable as understood by the usual meaning of value. Pass by reference. call-by-reference (pass-by-reference) is thePass By Reference vs. Pass By Value. Reference Variables. A reference variable is a nickname, or alias, for some other variable; To delare a reference variable, To pass a variable by reference, we simply declare the function parameters as references rather than . (We'll show another example of this in the next lesson). Pass by reference (C++ only) Pass-by-reference means to pass the reference of an argument in the calling function to the corresponding formal parameter of the called function. The called function can modify the value of the argument by using its reference passed in. 2.4 Pass-By-Reference into Functions with Reference Arguments vs. Although you can write C/C++ programs without using pointers, however, it is difficult not Computer programs written using imperative programming languages like C (but also C++ when used without object-oriented style) make extensive use of Functions (II). Arguments passed by value and by reference. Until now, in all the functions we have seen, the arguments passed to the functions have been In C++, we can pass parameters to a function either by pointers or by reference. In both the cases, we get the same result. So the following questions are